Class XII Practical: Biochemical & Physiological Experiments - Soil Analysis

Objective

To analyze soil samples from two different sites for texture, moisture content, humus content, water-holding capacity, and pH.

Guidelines

1. Sample Collection: Collect representative soil samples from two distinct sites (e.g., garden soil, roadside soil, forest soil).
2. Texture Analysis:
   • Sedimentation Method: Mix soil with water in a jar, allow to settle, and observe layers of sand, silt, and clay.
   • Feel Method: Rub moist soil between fingers to estimate texture.
3. Moisture Content: Weigh a fresh soil sample, dry it in an oven, and re-weigh to calculate percentage moisture loss.
4. Humus Content: Ignite a dried soil sample in a crucible to burn off organic matter, and calculate percentage loss in weight.
5. Water-Holding Capacity: Weigh a dry soil sample, saturate it with water, allow excess to drain, and re-weigh to calculate the amount of water retained.
6. pH Measurement: Prepare a soil suspension and measure its pH using a pH paper/indicator or a pH meter.
7. Data Recording: Record all observations and calculations in a tabular form for both soil samples.

Expected Outcome

Comparative data on the physical and chemical properties of soil from different locations, demonstrating variations in soil composition.