Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination; outbreeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; artificial hybridisation, double fertilization; post fertilization events; special modes.
Human Reproduction
Male and female reproductive systems; gametogenesis; menstrual cycle; fertilisation, embryo development, implantation; pregnancy and placenta formation; parturition; lactation.
Reproductive Health
Need for reproductive health and prevention of STDs; birth control; medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies.
Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelism; chromosomal theory of inheritance; sex determination; linkage and crossing over; mutation; sex linked inheritance; Mendelian disorders in humans; chromosomal disorders in humans.
Molecular basis of Inheritance
Search for genetic material; structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; central dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; regulation of gene expression; human genome project; DNA fingerprinting.
Evolution
Origin of life; biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution; Darwin's contribution, modern synthetic theory of evolution; mechanism of evolution; Hardy - Weinberg's principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution.
Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases; Basic concepts of immunology; cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence - drug and alcohol abuse.
Microbes in Human Welfare
In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilisers. Antibiotics.
Applications of biotechnology in health and agriculture: human insulin and vaccine production, stem cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms; biosafety issues, biopiracy and biopatents.
Population; population interactions; population attributes.
Ecosystem
Ecosystems: patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy.
Biodiversity and its Conservation
Concept of biodiversity; patterns of biodiversity; importance of biodiversity; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, national parks, sanctuaries and Ramsar sites