Class 5/Question Bank
Created by Titas Mallick
Biology Teacher • M.Sc. Botany • B.Ed. • CTET (CBSE) • CISCE Examiner
Created by Titas Mallick
Biology Teacher • M.Sc. Botany • B.Ed. • CTET (CBSE) • CISCE Examiner
Questions on Food and Health
Subject: Science
Topic: Food and Health
Total Marks: 290 Marks
Time: 3 Hours
Instructions: Choose the correct answer from the given options.
Which nutrient provides the most concentrated form of energy? a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Fats d) Vitamins
Kwashiorkor is caused by deficiency of: a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Fats d) Water
Which vitamin deficiency causes night blindness? a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin B c) Vitamin C d) Vitamin D
The main function of roughage in our diet is: a) Provide energy b) Build muscles c) Aid digestion d) Form blood
Anaemia is caused by deficiency of: a) Calcium b) Iron c) Iodine d) Sodium
Which disease is characterized by soft and weak bones? a) Scurvy b) Beriberi c) Rickets d) Goitre
Goitre is caused by deficiency of: a) Iron b) Calcium c) Iodine d) Phosphorus
Which of the following is a lifestyle disease? a) Kwashiorkor b) Scurvy c) Diabetes d) Beriberi
Sprouted foods are beneficial because they: a) Taste better b) Are cheaper c) Have increased nutrients d) Last longer
Food adulteration means: a) Adding nutrients b) Adding harmful substances c) Cooking food d) Preserving food
Which nutrient is essential for growth and repair of tissues? a) Carbohydrates b) Fats c) Proteins d) Water
Marasmus is characterized by: a) Swelling b) Severe wasting c) Night blindness d) Bleeding gums
Vitamin C deficiency causes: a) Rickets b) Scurvy c) Beriberi d) Goitre
Which of the following is NOT a component of balanced diet? a) Proteins b) Vitamins c) Medicines d) Minerals
Hypertension is also known as: a) Low blood pressure b) High blood pressure c) Diabetes d) Obesity
Fermented foods are rich in: a) Vitamins only b) Minerals only c) Probiotics d) Carbohydrates only
Which symptom is associated with diabetes? a) Bleeding gums b) Frequent urination c) Swelling d) Night blindness
Junk food is typically: a) High in nutrients b) Low in calories c) High in unhealthy fats d) Rich in fiber
Water helps in: a) Providing energy b) Building muscles c) Transporting nutrients d) All of these
Beriberi is caused by deficiency of: a) Vitamin B1 b) Vitamin B2 c) Vitamin B12 d) Vitamin C
Which food is rich in carbohydrates? a) Eggs b) Rice c) Butter d) Milk
Pot belly is a symptom of: a) Marasmus b) Kwashiorkor c) Scurvy d) Rickets
Iron deficiency leads to: a) Goitre b) Rickets c) Anaemia d) Scurvy
Which is an example of sprouted food? a) Bread b) Sprouted moong c) Rice d) Oil
BMI stands for: a) Basic Metabolic Index b) Body Mass Index c) Blood Mineral Index d) Bone Mineral Index
Vitamin D deficiency affects: a) Eyes b) Bones c) Blood d) Thyroid
Which nutrient helps prevent constipation? a) Proteins b) Fats c) Fiber d) Vitamins
Tooth decay is mainly caused by excessive: a) Proteins b) Fats c) Sugar d) Vitamins
Probiotics are beneficial: a) Bacteria b) Vitamins c) Minerals d) Proteins
Which organ is affected in goitre? a) Liver b) Kidney c) Thyroid gland d) Heart
Edema means: a) Weight loss b) Swelling c) Weakness d) Blindness
Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting? a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin C c) Vitamin D d) Vitamin K
Obesity increases risk of: a) Night blindness b) Scurvy c) Diabetes d) Rickets
Which is NOT a symptom of anaemia? a) Weakness b) Fatigue c) Pale skin d) Swelling
Whole grains are good sources of: a) Proteins only b) Fats only c) Fiber d) Water only
Hypertension is called silent killer because: a) It kills quickly b) Often has no symptoms c) Cannot be treated d) Is very rare
Which food should be avoided to prevent tooth decay? a) Fruits b) Vegetables c) Sugary foods d) Milk
Idli and dosa are examples of: a) Sprouted foods b) Fermented foods c) Junk foods d) Raw foods
Adding water to milk is an example of: a) Food preservation b) Food adulteration c) Food processing d) Food fortification
Which nutrient is most important for athletes? a) Vitamins only b) Minerals only c) Carbohydrates d) Water only
Stunted growth is a symptom of: a) Obesity b) Diabetes c) Kwashiorkor d) Hypertension
Which deficiency causes poor wound healing? a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin C c) Vitamin D d) Iron
Excessive junk food consumption leads to: a) Better health b) Weight gain c) Improved immunity d) Better digestion
Which is the best source of Vitamin D? a) Milk b) Fruits c) Sunlight d) Meat
Nerve damage is associated with: a) Scurvy b) Beriberi c) Rickets d) Goitre
Which nutrient deficiency affects the thyroid gland? a) Iron b) Calcium c) Iodine d) Sodium
Yogurt is beneficial because it contains: a) High sugar b) Probiotics c) Artificial colors d) Preservatives
Which symptom is NOT associated with rickets? a) Soft bones b) Bowed legs c) Bleeding gums d) Delayed growth
Food adulteration is: a) Legal b) Beneficial c) Illegal d) Recommended
Which lifestyle change can prevent obesity? a) Eating more junk food b) Regular exercise c) Sleeping more d) Watching TV
Shortness of breath is a symptom of: a) Night blindness b) Anaemia c) Goitre d) Scurvy
Which food is artificially ripened using harmful chemicals? a) Vegetables b) Fruits c) Grains d) Dairy products
Fatigue is a common symptom of: a) Good health b) Nutrient deficiency c) Overeating d) Exercise
Which is the main function of minerals? a) Provide energy b) Build bones and teeth c) Insulate body d) Store energy
Increased thirst is a symptom of: a) Diabetes b) Scurvy c) Rickets d) Goitre
Which food component should be increased to prevent constipation? a) Sugar b) Salt c) Fiber d) Oil
Heart problems can be associated with: a) Scurvy b) Beriberi c) Night blindness d) Rickets
Which is an example of food adulteration? a) Adding vitamins b) Adding stones to rice c) Cooking food d) Washing food
Sprouting increases the content of: a) Calories only b) Water only c) Vitamins and minerals d) Salt only
Which disease is characterized by very thin body? a) Kwashiorkor b) Marasmus c) Obesity d) Diabetes
Dizziness can be a symptom of: a) Good nutrition b) Hypertension c) Proper diet d) Exercise
Which nutrient helps in temperature regulation? a) Proteins b) Carbohydrates c) Water d) Fats
Joint pain is associated with: a) Scurvy b) Night blindness c) Goitre d) Diabetes
Which is the best way to prevent lifestyle diseases? a) Taking medicines b) Healthy lifestyle c) Eating more d) Sleeping less
Pale skin is a symptom of: a) Rickets b) Anaemia c) Scurvy d) Beriberi
Which food processing method improves gut health? a) Frying b) Boiling c) Fermentation d) Grilling
Unexplained weight loss is a symptom of: a) Obesity b) Diabetes c) Kwashiorkor d) Hypertension
Which is NOT a harmful effect of junk food? a) Weight gain b) Nutrient deficiency c) Improved immunity d) Dental problems
Changes in hair and skin are symptoms of: a) Marasmus b) Kwashiorkor c) Scurvy d) Beriberi
Which mineral is essential for blood formation? a) Calcium b) Iron c) Sodium d) Potassium
Difficulty seeing in dim light indicates: a) Vitamin A deficiency b) Vitamin C deficiency c) Iron deficiency d) Calcium deficiency
Which is a probiotic food? a) Bread b) Rice c) Yogurt d) Oil
Bowed legs are associated with: a) Scurvy b) Rickets c) Beriberi d) Goitre
Food adulteration can cause: a) Better taste b) Health problems c) Longer shelf life d) Lower cost
Which nutrient provides insulation to the body? a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Fats d) Vitamins
Headaches can be a symptom of: a) Good health b) Hypertension c) Proper nutrition d) Exercise
Which is the best source of probiotics? a) Meat b) Fermented foods c) Fried foods d) Sweet foods
Delayed growth is associated with: a) Proper nutrition b) Rickets c) Good health d) Exercise
Which practice should be avoided? a) Eating fruits b) Drinking water c) Food adulteration d) Exercise
Gut health is improved by: a) Junk food b) Fermented foods c) Sugary drinks d) Fried foods
Which is a fat-soluble vitamin? a) Vitamin B b) Vitamin C c) Vitamin D d) All vitamins
Swelling of thyroid gland indicates: a) Iron deficiency b) Iodine deficiency c) Calcium deficiency d) Protein deficiency
Which lifestyle disease is called silent killer? a) Diabetes b) Obesity c) Hypertension d) All of these
Nutrient absorption is improved by: a) Junk food b) Sprouted foods c) Fried foods d) Sugary foods
Which is NOT a deficiency disease? a) Kwashiorkor b) Scurvy c) Obesity d) Rickets
Artificial colors in spices is an example of: a) Food preservation b) Food adulteration c) Food fortification d) Food processing
Which helps in wound healing? a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin C c) Vitamin D d) Iron
Digestive problems are caused by: a) High fiber diet b) Low fiber diet c) Balanced diet d) Protein rich diet
Which is essential for all bodily functions? a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Water d) Fats
Immunity is boosted by: a) Junk food b) Fermented foods c) Sugary drinks d) Fried foods
Which deficiency affects blood formation? a) Calcium b) Iron c) Iodine d) Sodium
Easier digestion is a benefit of: a) Junk food b) Sprouted foods c) Fried foods d) Processed foods
Which is a symptom of severe malnutrition? a) Obesity b) Wasting of muscles c) High blood pressure d) Diabetes
Food safety is compromised by: a) Proper cooking b) Food adulteration c) Washing food d) Storing properly
Which nutrient is needed in small amounts? a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Vitamins d) Water
Long-term junk food consumption increases risk of: a) Better health b) Heart disease c) Improved immunity d) Better digestion
Which is the main cause of tooth decay? a) Calcium b) Iron c) Sugar d) Protein
Beneficial bacteria in gut are called: a) Pathogens b) Probiotics c) Antibiotics d) Vitamins
Which practice improves food quality? a) Adulteration b) Sprouting c) Adding chemicals d) Mixing inferior substances
Balanced diet should include: a) Only carbohydrates b) Only proteins c) All nutrients d) Only vitamins
Instructions: Answer in one word or one sentence.
Instructions: Answer in 2-3 sentences.
Instructions: Answer in 4-6 sentences with proper explanation.
Explain the concept of balanced diet. List all its components with their functions and give examples of food sources for each.
Describe kwashiorkor in detail including its cause, symptoms, and the population most affected by this condition.
What is food adulteration? Explain its harmful effects on health and suggest measures to prevent it.
Compare and contrast deficiency diseases and lifestyle diseases. Give three examples of each with their causes.
Explain the importance of sprouted and fermented foods in our diet. How do these processing methods improve nutritional value?
Describe anaemia in detail including its cause, symptoms, prevention, and the groups of people most at risk.
What are lifestyle diseases? Explain diabetes as a lifestyle disease including its symptoms, causes, and prevention methods.
Explain the harmful effects of consuming junk food regularly. How does it contribute to various health problems?
Describe rickets in detail including its cause, symptoms, prevention, and why children are more susceptible to this disease.
What is hypertension? Explain why it is called a 'silent killer' and discuss its long-term effects on health.
Explain the role of vitamins in maintaining good health. Describe any three vitamin deficiency diseases with their symptoms.
Describe the importance of water in our body. Explain what happens when the body doesn't get enough water.
What are probiotics? Explain their benefits for digestive health and overall immunity. Give examples of probiotic foods.
Explain obesity as a lifestyle disease. Discuss its causes, health risks, and prevention strategies.
Describe the importance of minerals in our diet. Explain iron deficiency and iodine deficiency with their effects on health.
A balanced diet is one that provides all the essential nutrients in the right amounts to maintain good health, growth, and proper functioning of the body. Its components include:
Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition caused by a chronic deficiency of protein, even when calorie intake might be adequate. It primarily affects children in developing countries. Its characteristic symptoms include generalized swelling (edema), particularly in the legs and face, a distended abdomen (pot belly), stunted growth, and changes in hair color and texture. The population most affected are young children, typically after weaning, when their diet lacks sufficient protein.
Food adulteration is the deliberate act of debasing the quality of food by adding inferior, cheaper, or harmful substances, or by removing valuable components. Its harmful effects on health can range from mild digestive issues and allergic reactions to severe poisoning, organ damage, and long-term chronic diseases like cancer. Measures to prevent it include strict food safety regulations, regular inspections by authorities, consumer awareness campaigns, and promoting ethical practices among food producers.
Deficiency diseases are caused by the prolonged lack of specific essential nutrients in the diet. They are often reversible with proper nutritional intervention. Examples include:
Sprouted foods (e.g., sprouted moong) and fermented foods (e.g., yogurt, idli) are important in our diet due to their enhanced nutritional value and health benefits. Sprouting increases the bioavailability of vitamins and minerals, makes proteins more digestible, and reduces anti-nutrients. Fermentation introduces beneficial microorganisms (probiotics) that improve gut health, enhance nutrient absorption, and boost the immune system. Both processes break down complex compounds, making the food easier to digest and more nutritious.
Anaemia is a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. It is most commonly caused by iron deficiency, as iron is crucial for hemoglobin production. Symptoms include persistent weakness, fatigue, pale skin, shortness of breath, and dizziness. Prevention involves consuming iron-rich foods (e.g., leafy greens, meat, fortified cereals) and Vitamin C to aid iron absorption. Groups most at risk include pregnant women, young children, and individuals with chronic blood loss.
Lifestyle diseases are non-communicable diseases whose prevalence is largely influenced by daily habits, diet, and physical activity. Diabetes (specifically Type 2) is a prime example. It is characterized by the body's inability to effectively regulate blood sugar, often due to insulin resistance. Its causes are strongly linked to a sedentary lifestyle, high intake of sugary and processed foods, and obesity. Symptoms include frequent urination, increased thirst, unexplained weight loss, and fatigue. Prevention methods involve maintaining a healthy weight, regular physical activity, and a balanced diet low in refined sugars and unhealthy fats.
Regular consumption of junk food has numerous harmful effects on health. Being high in calories, unhealthy fats, sugar, and salt, it primarily contributes to weight gain and obesity. Its lack of essential vitamins, minerals, and fiber leads to nutrient deficiencies. This poor nutritional profile significantly increases the risk of developing lifestyle diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. Furthermore, the high sugar content promotes dental problems like tooth decay, and its low fiber content can cause digestive issues like constipation.
Rickets is a bone disease that affects children, characterized by soft and weak bones. It is primarily caused by a severe deficiency of Vitamin D, which is essential for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, crucial minerals for bone development. Symptoms include bowed legs, delayed growth, bone pain, and muscle weakness. Children are more susceptible because their bones are still growing rapidly, and inadequate Vitamin D during this critical period directly impairs proper bone mineralization, leading to deformities. Prevention involves adequate sunlight exposure and Vitamin D-rich foods or supplements.
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. It is often called a 'silent killer' because it typically has no obvious symptoms in its early stages, allowing it to cause significant damage to the body without the individual being aware. Its long-term effects are severe and include increased risk of heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, heart failure, and vision loss. Regular monitoring and lifestyle changes are crucial for management and prevention of these serious complications.
Vitamins are organic compounds required in small quantities for various metabolic processes, growth, and overall health maintenance. They play a crucial role in boosting immunity, aiding energy production, and protecting cells.
Water is indispensable for almost all bodily functions. It acts as a solvent, transporting nutrients to cells and waste products away from them. It regulates body temperature through sweating, lubricates joints, and protects organs and tissues. When the body doesn't get enough water, it leads to dehydration. Symptoms of dehydration include thirst, dry mouth, fatigue, reduced urination, and dizziness. Severe dehydration can impair kidney function, lead to heatstroke, and in extreme cases, be life-threatening as vital bodily processes cannot function correctly.
Probiotics are live microorganisms, primarily beneficial bacteria and yeasts, that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. They are crucial for digestive health by maintaining a balanced gut microbiome, aiding in nutrient absorption, and preventing the growth of harmful bacteria. They also significantly boost overall immunity by strengthening the gut barrier and modulating immune responses. Examples of probiotic foods include yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, and kimchi.
Obesity is a complex lifestyle disease characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat that poses a risk to health. Its primary causes include a chronic imbalance between calorie intake and expenditure, often due to consuming high-calorie, processed foods and leading a sedentary lifestyle. Genetic predispositions and environmental factors also play a role. Health risks associated with obesity are extensive, including increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, certain cancers, and joint problems. Prevention strategies focus on adopting a balanced diet rich in whole foods, engaging in regular physical activity, and practicing portion control.
Minerals are inorganic nutrients essential for various bodily functions, including building strong bones and teeth, maintaining fluid balance, nerve function, and blood formation.
/Class-5/Question-Bank/3_1_Food_and_Health_Question.mdx