Class 12
Created by Titas Mallick
Biology Teacher • M.Sc. Botany • B.Ed. • CTET (CBSE) • CISCE Examiner
Created by Titas Mallick
Biology Teacher • M.Sc. Botany • B.Ed. • CTET (CBSE) • CISCE Examiner
A detailed exploration of pollution, waste management, and global environmental changes.
The human population has grown enormously over the last hundred years. This has led to an increased demand for food, water, home, electricity, roads, and automobiles, exerting tremendous pressure on our natural resources and causing pollution of air, water, and soil.
Air pollution is the presence of substances in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living organisms, or cause damage to the climate or to materials.
The Government of India has passed the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 to safeguard our water resources.
The Toxic Ladder In Biomagnification, small amounts of a toxin (like DDT) in water accumulate in the bodies of small fish. When large birds eat many of these fish, the toxin concentration becomes so high it can cause their eggshells to thin and break!
Solid wastes refer to everything that goes out in trash.
| Waste Category | Description | Disposal Method |
|---|---|---|
| Biodegradable | Can be broken down by microbes. | Composting, Landfills. |
| Recyclable | Can be processed into new products. | Segregation and Recycling (e.g., Paper, Plastic). |
| Non-biodegradable | Cannot be broken down (e.g., Plastics). | Incineration, Deep burial. |
E-Wastes
Irreparable computers and other electronic goods are known as electronic wastes (e-wastes). Recycling is the only solution for the treatment of e-wastes, provided it is done in an environmentally friendly manner.
The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon that is responsible for heating of Earth’s surface and atmosphere. Without it, the average temperature at the surface of Earth would have been a chilly -18°C rather than the present average of 15°C.
Ozone in the stratosphere acts as a shield absorbing ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.
Showed extraordinary courage by hugging trees to prevent them from being cut down in Khejarli village, Rajasthan. The Government of India has instituted the Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Protection Award.
Started in Garhwal Himalayas where local women showed enormous bravery in protecting trees from the axe of contractors by hugging them.
The Government of India introduced JFM in the 1980s to work closely with local communities for protecting and managing forests.
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