CBSE/NCERT/Exercises/Class_11_Biology
Created by Titas Mallick
Biology Teacher • M.Sc. Botany • B.Ed. • CTET (CBSE) • CISCE Examiner
Created by Titas Mallick
Biology Teacher • M.Sc. Botany • B.Ed. • CTET (CBSE) • CISCE Examiner
Exercises and Questions on Plant Kingdom - NCERT Class 11 Biology
Subject: Biology
Class: 11
Topic: Plant Kingdom
Artificial systems of classification were based mainly on: a) Natural affinities b) Evolutionary relationships c) Vegetative characters d) Cytological information
Pyrenoids are found in the chloroplasts of: a) Red algae b) Brown algae c) Green algae d) Mosses
Agar is obtained from: a) Volvox b) Sargassum c) Gelidium d) Dictyota
Which of the following are called 'amphibians of the plant kingdom'? a) Algae b) Bryophytes c) Pteridophytes d) Gymnosperms
The first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues are: a) Bryophytes b) Pteridophytes c) Gymnosperms d) Angiosperms
The dominant phase in the life cycle of pteridophytes is: a) Gametophyte b) Sporophyte c) Prothallus d) Zygote
Selaginella and Salvinia are: a) Homosporous b) Heterosporous c) Non-vascular d) Aquatic only
Gymnosperms are called 'naked-seeded' because: a) They have no seeds b) Seeds are not enclosed in fruits c) They have no fruits d) Both b and c
Mycorrhiza is found in the roots of: a) Cycas b) Pinus c) Cedrus d) Sequoia
The smallest angiosperm is: a) Eucalyptus b) Wolffia c) Pinus d) Marchantia
1. What is the basis of classification of algae? Answer: Algae are classified into three main classes (Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyceae) based on the type of photosynthetic pigments they possess, the nature of stored food material, and the composition of their cell wall.
2. When and where does reduction division take place in the life cycle of a liverwort, a moss, a fern, a gymnosperm and an angiosperm? Answer:
3. Name three groups of plants that bear archegonia. Briefly describe the life cycle of any one of them. Answer: Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, and Gymnosperms bear archegonia. Example (Bryophytes): The gametophyte is the dominant phase. It produces male (antheridia) and female (archegonia) sex organs. Fusion of gametes in water forms a zygote, which grows into a sporophyte (attached to gametophyte). Meiosis in the sporophyte produces spores that germinate into a new gametophyte.
4. Mention the ploidy of the following: Answer:
5. Write a note on economic importance of algae and gymnosperms. Answer:
6. Both gymnosperms and angiosperms bear seeds, then why are they classified separately? Answer: They are classified separately because in gymnosperms, the ovules/seeds are naked (not enclosed by an ovary wall), while in angiosperms, the ovules are enclosed within an ovary, and the seeds develop inside fruits.
7. What is heterospory? Briefly comment on its significance. Give two examples. Answer: Heterospory is the production of two distinct types of spores (microspores and megaspores). Significance: It leads to the differentiation of male and female gametophytes and is considered a precursor to the seed habit. Examples: Selaginella, Salvinia.
8. Explain briefly the following terms: Answer:
9. Differentiate between red algae and brown algae. Answer: Red algae possess r-phycoerythrin and store floridean starch. Brown algae possess fucoxanthin and store laminarin/mannitol. Red algae typically lack flagellated stages.
10. Match the following: Answer: (a) Chlamydomonas - (iii) Algae (b) Cycas - (iv) Gymnosperm (c) Selaginella - (ii) Pteridophyte (d) Sphagnum - (i) Moss
11. Describe the important characteristics of gymnosperms. Answer: Naked-seeded plants, heterosporous (cones), dominant sporophyte, roots with mycorrhiza or coralloid roots, well-adapted leaves (needle-like in conifers, thick cuticle, sunken stomata).
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