Class 10 / Question Bank / Competency Based
Reproductive System Competency Based Questions on Reproductive System
Case Study 1:
Male partner with low sperm count.
Where are sperms produced?
Answer: Seminiferous tubules of the testes.
Why is the scrotum outside?
Answer: To maintain a temperature 2-3°C lower than the body temperature, which is essential for sperm production (spermatogenesis).
Designing: Lifestyle changes.
Answer: Wear loose clothing, avoid hot tubs/saunas, avoid placing laptops directly on the lap.
Analysis: Temperature requirement.
Answer: High body temperature can denature proteins/enzymes involved in sperm formation or kill developing sperm.
Function of Epididymis.
Answer: Storage and maturation of sperms (they gain motility here).
Case Study 2:
Positive HCG test in woman.
6. Source of HCG.
Answer: Placenta (initially from the trophoblast cells of the blastocyst).
What does it indicate?
Answer: Pregnancy (Implantation has occurred).
Creating: Timeline.
Answer: Day 0: Fertilization. Day 3: Morula. Day 5-7: Blastocyst. Day 7-9: Implantation.
Critical Thinking: Why does corpus luteum persist?
Answer: HCG signals the corpus luteum to continue producing Progesterone, which maintains the uterine lining for the embryo.
Function of Progesterone during pregnancy.
Answer: Prevents menstruation and keeps the endometrium thick and vascular for the fetus.
Directions: (a) Both A/R true, R explains A; (b) Both true, R doesn't explain A; (c) A true, R false; (d) A false, R true.
Assertion (A): Testes are outside in scrotum.
Reason (R): Sperm formation requires lower temp.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation.
Assertion (A): Urethra in males is urinogenital.
Reason (R): It carries urine and semen.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation.
Assertion (A): Menstruation occurs if egg is not fertilized.
Reason (R): Breakdown of endometrial lining.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation.
Assertion (A): Placenta is a permeable barrier.
Reason (R): It allows mixing of blood.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false. (Maternal and fetal blood do NOT mix; exchange happens by diffusion).
Assertion (A): Tubectomy is a sterilization method.
Reason (R): Fallopian tubes are cut and tied.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation.
Designing: Menstrual Cycle flowchart.
Answer: Menstrual Phase (Day 1-5) -> Follicular Phase (Estrogen up) -> Ovulation (Day 14, LH up) -> Luteal Phase (Progesterone up).
Creating: Growth Chart.
Answer: 1st: Heart/Limbs form. 2nd: Hair/Eyelashes, movement felt. 3rd: Lungs mature, fat storage.
Analysis: Identical vs Fraternal Twins.
Answer: Identical: 1 Egg + 1 Sperm -> Zygote splits (Same sex/DNA). Fraternal: 2 Eggs + 2 Sperms (Can be different sex/DNA).
Designing: Male glands table.
Answer: [Seminal Vesicle: Fructose (energy). Prostate: Alkaline fluid (neutralize acidity). Cowper's: Lubrication].
Visualisation: Sperm diagram.
Answer: [Description: Head with Acrosome, Mid-piece with spiral Mitochondria, Tail]. Acrosome: Enzymes to penetrate egg membrane.
Application: Breast milk benefits.
Answer: Contains Colostrum rich in antibodies (I g A IgA I g A
Creating: Journey of a sperm.
Answer: Testes -> Epididymis -> Vas Deferens -> Urethra -> Vagina -> Cervix -> Uterus -> Fallopian Tube.
Analysis: Amniotic Fluid.
Answer: Protects fetus from mechanical shocks and maintains constant temperature.
Designing: Health poster.
Answer: [Visuals on cleanliness, awareness of STDs, and balanced nutrition for mothers].
Creating: Dialogue.
Answer: Estrogen: "I build the walls." Progesterone: "I keep them steady for the baby."
Ovulation.
Answer: Release of secondary oocyte from the Graafian follicle. Day 14. Triggered by LH (Luteinizing Hormone).
Scenario: Vasectomy results.
Answer: Sperm production continues but they can't leave the testes. Ejaculation still occurs (fluid from glands) but it contains no sperms.
Critical Thinking: Mitochondria in sperm.
Answer: Provides energy (ATP) for the tail movement to swim towards the egg.
Application: IVF.
Answer: Fertilization outside the body. Recommended for blocked fallopian tubes or low sperm motility.
Menarche vs Menopause.
Answer: Menarche: First menstrual cycle (puberty). Menopause: Permanent cessation of menstrual cycles (age 45-50).
Diagram Based: Female Reproductive System.
Answer: Fertilization occurs in the Fallopian tube (Ampulla-isthmus junction).
Placenta functions.
Answer: Nutrient supply, O2/CO2 exchange, Waste removal, Hormone production (Estrogen, Progesterone, HCG).
Analysis: Why so many sperms?
Answer: Most die in the acidic vagina or lose their way; many are needed to dissolve the egg's protective layers.
Competency: Egg path.
Answer: Ovary -> Fimbriae -> Fallopian tube (cilia and peristalsis move it) -> Uterus.
Case: Fertile period.
Answer: Usually Day 10 to Day 17 of the cycle (considering sperm life and ovulation timing).
Creating: Puberty hypothesis.
Answer: Better nutrition/higher body fat often leads to earlier onset of menarche.
Designing: Umbilical Cord.
Answer: Connects the fetus to the placenta; contains two arteries and one vein.
Application: Pregnancy kits.
Answer: Use antibodies to detect HCG in urine; color change indicates binding.
Critical Thinking: Pregnancy after Menopause?
Answer: No natural pregnancy as egg production has stopped. (IVF with donor eggs is possible but medically complex).
Analysis: Gestation Period.
Answer: The time from fertilization to birth. Humans: Approx 280 days (9 months and 7 days).
Scenario: Ectopic Pregnancy.
Answer: The tube is too narrow to accommodate a growing fetus and lacks a thick vascular lining like the uterus; it can rupture, causing internal bleeding.
Designing: Uterus layers.
Answer: Perimetrium (Outer), Myometrium (Muscle - for birth), Endometrium (Inner - shed in menses).
Application: Parturition.
Answer: The act of giving birth. Induced by Oxytocin.
Creating: Crossword.
Answer: [Terms: Zygote (Fertilized egg), Gamete (Sex cell)].
Case Study: Fetal circulation (Foramen Ovale).
Answer: In fetus, blood bypasses lungs via a hole between atria because lungs aren't used for O2.
Crossing Over significance.
Answer: Swapping of genetic material between homologous chromosomes creates new gene combinations and variation.
Critical Thinking: Prostate enlargement.
Answer: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is common in aging men; it can squeeze the urethra and cause urinary problems.
Analysis: Spermatogenesis vs Oogenesis.
Answer: Spermatogenesis: Continuous, 4 equal gametes. Oogenesis: Discontinuous, 1 large egg and polar bodies.
Designing: Temperature graph.
Answer: Temperature rises slightly (approx 0.5°C) after ovulation due to progesterone.
Creating: New contraceptive.
Answer: E.g., Male hormonal pill that stops sperm production without affecting libido.
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